Macular degeneration, also referred to as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), is a common eye condition that primarily affects people over 50. It is crucial to understand the disease's causes, symptoms, and potential therapies because it is a progressive condition that can result in blurred or distorted central vision, significantly diminishing an individual's visual acuity and quality of life.

What is Macular degeneration?

The macula, a tiny but significant portion of the retina, is impacted by macular degeneration, also known as age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The loss of central vision caused by this disorder affects the ability to read, recognize faces, see minute details, and carry out tasks that call on clear central vision. 

Macular Degeneration Types:

Dry AMD:

Dry AMD is characterized by the macula's gradual degeneration, which produces yellow deposits known as drusen. Dietary supplements and lifestyle modifications may halt the disease's progression.

Wet AMD:

Wet AMD is more severe and thankfully less common. Rapid vision loss results from the growth of aberrant blood vessels behind the macula that leak blood and fluid.

Causes of Macular Degeneration:

Although the precise cause of AMD is not entirely understood, several conditions can lead to its occurrence:

Age: As the term suggests, getting older plays a major role. With aging comes an increased risk of AMD, especially after 50.

Genetics: Genetics can contribute to AMD. You could be more susceptible if your family member suffers from the ailment.

Smoking: Smoking is a risk factor that can be modified. AMD is more likely to occur in smokers than in non-smokers.

Diet and nutrition: AMD risk may be increased by a diet lacking in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals. Your eyes can be protected by eating a diet high in fruits, vegetables, and fish.

Symptoms of Macular Degeneration:

Early Macular Degeneration symptoms may not be present, but as the condition worsens, people may start to notice the following signs and symptoms:

Blurred or Distorted Vision: It might be challenging to read or identify faces when what you focus on can appear wavy or warped.

Dark or Blank Spots: In the middle of your field of vision, a dark spot or blank region may appear.

Difficulty Seeing in Low Light: Low-light activities such as driving at night or reading in low light becomes difficult.

Management and Treatment:

AMD does not have a cure, but there are treatments available to help manage the condition and slow its progression.

Lifestyle Changes: Stopping smoking, eating a balanced diet full of nutrients that are good for your eyes, and shielding your eyes from UV radiation are all crucial for slowing AMD.

Nutritional Supplements: Some studies have suggested that certain vitamins and minerals, such as vitamins C and E, zinc, copper, and antioxidants like lutein and zeaxanthin, may help slow the progression of dry AMD. These are often available over the counter at the chemist.

Eye Injections: Anti-VEGF eye injections can help halt the formation of aberrant blood vessels and stop future vision loss in wet AMD patients.

Low vision aids: People with advanced AMD can use tools like magnifiers, telescopic lenses, and specialist computer software to help them with daily activities.

Monitoring: Regular eye tests and monitoring are essential to track the progression of AMD. In some cases, dry AMD can progress to wet AMD, which may require different treatment approaches.

Please visit the Macular Degeneration website for more information > http://www.mdfoundation.com.au/